ISO 3166-1

ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes. It defines three sets of country codes:[1]

The alphabetic country codes were first included in ISO 3166 in 1974, and the numeric country codes were first included in 1981. The country codes have been published as ISO 3166-1 since 1997, when ISO 3166 was expanded into three parts to include codes for subdivisions and former countries.[2]

As a widely used international standard, ISO 3166-1 is implemented in other standards and used by international organizations,[3] to allow facilitation of the exchange of goods and information.[4] However, it is not the only standard for country codes. Other country codes used by many international organizations are partly or totally incompatible with ISO 3166-1,[5] although some of them closely correspond to ISO 3166-1 codes.

Contents

Criteria for inclusion

Currently 246 countries, territories, or areas of geographical interest are assigned official codes in ISO 3166-1. According to the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA), the only way to enter a new country name into ISO 3166-1 is to have it registered in one of the following two sources:[6]

To be listed in the bulletin Country Names, a country must be at least one of the following:

The list of names in Country and Region Codes for Statistical Use of the UN Statistics Division is based on the bulletin Country Names and other UN sources.

Once a country name or territory name appears in either of these two sources, it will be added to ISO 3166-1 by default.

Information included

ISO 3166-1 is published officially in both English and French. Since the second edition of ISO 3166-1, the following columns are included for each entry:

  1. COUNTRY NAME English (or French) short name
  2. English (or French) short name lower case
  3. English (or French) full name
  4. Alpha-2 code
  5. Alpha-3 code
  6. Numeric code
  7. Remarks
  8. Independent (# denotes the country is considered a sovereign state)
  9. Additional information: Administrative language(s) alpha-2 code element(s)
  10. Additional information: Administrative language(s) alpha-3 code element(s)
  11. Additional information: Local short name(s)

Current codes

Officially assigned code elements

The following is a complete ISO 3166-1 encoding list of the countries which are assigned official codes. It is listed in alphabetical order by the English short country names officially used by the ISO 3166/MA, which are all from United Nations sources.[7]

Some of the country names used by the ISO are subject to dispute. The Republic of Macedonia is listed as "Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of" because of the Macedonia naming dispute, following the provisional reference used by the United Nations. Taiwan is listed as "Taiwan, Province of China" because of its political status within the United Nations, as even though it is de facto under the jurisdiction of the Republic of China instead of the People's Republic of China, the United Nations does not recognize the Republic of China and considers Taiwan as part of China.[8] In response, the Republic of China has filed a lawsuit against the ISO over this reference.[9]

Click on the button in the header to sort each column. For more information on each country and the assignment of its code elements, click on its alpha-2 code.

English short name lower case[10] Alpha-2 code Alpha-3 code Numeric code ISO 3166-2 codes
 Afghanistan AF AFG 004 ISO 3166-2:AF
 Åland Islands AX ALA 248 ISO 3166-2:AX
 Albania AL ALB 008 ISO 3166-2:AL
 Algeria DZ DZA 012 ISO 3166-2:DZ
 American Samoa AS ASM 016 ISO 3166-2:AS
 Andorra AD AND 020 ISO 3166-2:AD
 Angola AO AGO 024 ISO 3166-2:AO
 Anguilla AI AIA 660 ISO 3166-2:AI
 Antarctica AQ ATA 010 ISO 3166-2:AQ
 Antigua and Barbuda AG ATG 028 ISO 3166-2:AG
 Argentina AR ARG 032 ISO 3166-2:AR
 Armenia AM ARM 051 ISO 3166-2:AM
 Aruba AW ABW 533 ISO 3166-2:AW
 Australia AU AUS 036 ISO 3166-2:AU
 Austria AT AUT 040 ISO 3166-2:AT
 Azerbaijan AZ AZE 031 ISO 3166-2:AZ
 Bahamas BS BHS 044 ISO 3166-2:BS
 Bahrain BH BHR 048 ISO 3166-2:BH
 Bangladesh BD BGD 050 ISO 3166-2:BD
 Barbados BB BRB 052 ISO 3166-2:BB
 Belarus BY BLR 112 ISO 3166-2:BY
 Belgium BE BEL 056 ISO 3166-2:BE
 Belize BZ BLZ 084 ISO 3166-2:BZ
 Benin BJ BEN 204 ISO 3166-2:BJ
 Bermuda BM BMU 060 ISO 3166-2:BM
 Bhutan BT BTN 064 ISO 3166-2:BT
 Bolivia, Plurinational State of BO BOL 068 ISO 3166-2:BO
 Bosnia and Herzegovina BA BIH 070 ISO 3166-2:BA
 Botswana BW BWA 072 ISO 3166-2:BW
 Bouvet Island BV BVT 074 ISO 3166-2:BV
 Brazil BR BRA 076 ISO 3166-2:BR
 British Indian Ocean Territory IO IOT 086 ISO 3166-2:IO
 Brunei Darussalam BN BRN 096 ISO 3166-2:BN
 Bulgaria BG BGR 100 ISO 3166-2:BG
 Burkina Faso BF BFA 854 ISO 3166-2:BF
 Burundi BI BDI 108 ISO 3166-2:BI
 Cambodia KH KHM 116 ISO 3166-2:KH
 Cameroon CM CMR 120 ISO 3166-2:CM
 Canada CA CAN 124 ISO 3166-2:CA
 Cape Verde CV CPV 132 ISO 3166-2:CV
 Cayman Islands KY CYM 136 ISO 3166-2:KY
 Central African Republic CF CAF 140 ISO 3166-2:CF
 Chad TD TCD 148 ISO 3166-2:TD
 Chile CL CHL 152 ISO 3166-2:CL
 China CN CHN 156 ISO 3166-2:CN
 Christmas Island CX CXR 162 ISO 3166-2:CX
 Cocos (Keeling) Islands CC CCK 166 ISO 3166-2:CC
 Colombia CO COL 170 ISO 3166-2:CO
 Comoros KM COM 174 ISO 3166-2:KM
 Congo CG COG 178 ISO 3166-2:CG
 Congo, the Democratic Republic of the CD COD 180 ISO 3166-2:CD
 Cook Islands CK COK 184 ISO 3166-2:CK
 Costa Rica CR CRI 188 ISO 3166-2:CR
 Côte d'Ivoire CI CIV 384 ISO 3166-2:CI
 Croatia HR HRV 191 ISO 3166-2:HR
 Cuba CU CUB 192 ISO 3166-2:CU
 Cyprus CY CYP 196 ISO 3166-2:CY
 Czech Republic CZ CZE 203 ISO 3166-2:CZ
 Denmark DK DNK 208 ISO 3166-2:DK
 Djibouti DJ DJI 262 ISO 3166-2:DJ
 Dominica DM DMA 212 ISO 3166-2:DM
 Dominican Republic DO DOM 214 ISO 3166-2:DO
 Ecuador EC ECU 218 ISO 3166-2:EC
 Egypt EG EGY 818 ISO 3166-2:EG
 El Salvador SV SLV 222 ISO 3166-2:SV
 Equatorial Guinea GQ GNQ 226 ISO 3166-2:GQ
 Eritrea ER ERI 232 ISO 3166-2:ER
 Estonia EE EST 233 ISO 3166-2:EE
 Ethiopia ET ETH 231 ISO 3166-2:ET
 Falkland Islands (Malvinas) FK FLK 238 ISO 3166-2:FK
 Faroe Islands FO FRO 234 ISO 3166-2:FO
 Fiji FJ FJI 242 ISO 3166-2:FJ
 Finland FI FIN 246 ISO 3166-2:FI
 France FR FRA 250 ISO 3166-2:FR
 French Guiana GF GUF 254 ISO 3166-2:GF
 French Polynesia PF PYF 258 ISO 3166-2:PF
 French Southern Territories TF ATF 260 ISO 3166-2:TF
 Gabon GA GAB 266 ISO 3166-2:GA
 Gambia GM GMB 270 ISO 3166-2:GM
 Georgia GE GEO 268 ISO 3166-2:GE
 Germany DE DEU 276 ISO 3166-2:DE
 Ghana GH GHA 288 ISO 3166-2:GH
 Gibraltar GI GIB 292 ISO 3166-2:GI
 Greece GR GRC 300 ISO 3166-2:GR
 Greenland GL GRL 304 ISO 3166-2:GL
 Grenada GD GRD 308 ISO 3166-2:GD
 Guadeloupe GP GLP 312 ISO 3166-2:GP
 Guam GU GUM 316 ISO 3166-2:GU
 Guatemala GT GTM 320 ISO 3166-2:GT
 Guernsey GG GGY 831 ISO 3166-2:GG
 Guinea GN GIN 324 ISO 3166-2:GN
 Guinea-Bissau GW GNB 624 ISO 3166-2:GW
 Guyana GY GUY 328 ISO 3166-2:GY
 Haiti HT HTI 332 ISO 3166-2:HT
 Heard Island and McDonald Islands HM HMD 334 ISO 3166-2:HM
 Holy See (Vatican City State) VA VAT 336 ISO 3166-2:VA
 Honduras HN HND 340 ISO 3166-2:HN
 Hong Kong HK HKG 344 ISO 3166-2:HK
 Hungary HU HUN 348 ISO 3166-2:HU
 Iceland IS ISL 352 ISO 3166-2:IS
 India IN IND 356 ISO 3166-2:IN
 Indonesia ID IDN 360 ISO 3166-2:ID
 Iran, Islamic Republic of IR IRN 364 ISO 3166-2:IR
 Iraq IQ IRQ 368 ISO 3166-2:IQ
 Ireland IE IRL 372 ISO 3166-2:IE
 Isle of Man IM IMN 833 ISO 3166-2:IM
 Israel IL ISR 376 ISO 3166-2:IL
 Italy IT ITA 380 ISO 3166-2:IT
 Jamaica JM JAM 388 ISO 3166-2:JM
 Japan JP JPN 392 ISO 3166-2:JP
 Jersey JE JEY 832 ISO 3166-2:JE
 Jordan JO JOR 400 ISO 3166-2:JO
 Kazakhstan KZ KAZ 398 ISO 3166-2:KZ
 Kenya KE KEN 404 ISO 3166-2:KE
 Kiribati KI KIR 296 ISO 3166-2:KI
 Korea, Democratic People's Republic of KP PRK 408 ISO 3166-2:KP
 Korea, Republic of KR KOR 410 ISO 3166-2:KR
 Kuwait KW KWT 414 ISO 3166-2:KW
 Kyrgyzstan KG KGZ 417 ISO 3166-2:KG
 Lao People's Democratic Republic LA LAO 418 ISO 3166-2:LA
 Latvia LV LVA 428 ISO 3166-2:LV
 Lebanon LB LBN 422 ISO 3166-2:LB
 Lesotho LS LSO 426 ISO 3166-2:LS
 Liberia LR LBR 430 ISO 3166-2:LR
 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya LY LBY 434 ISO 3166-2:LY
 Liechtenstein LI LIE 438 ISO 3166-2:LI
 Lithuania LT LTU 440 ISO 3166-2:LT
 Luxembourg LU LUX 442 ISO 3166-2:LU
 Macao MO MAC 446 ISO 3166-2:MO
 Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of MK MKD 807 ISO 3166-2:MK
 Madagascar MG MDG 450 ISO 3166-2:MG
 Malawi MW MWI 454 ISO 3166-2:MW
 Malaysia MY MYS 458 ISO 3166-2:MY
 Maldives MV MDV 462 ISO 3166-2:MV
 Mali ML MLI 466 ISO 3166-2:ML
 Malta MT MLT 470 ISO 3166-2:MT
 Marshall Islands MH MHL 584 ISO 3166-2:MH
 Martinique MQ MTQ 474 ISO 3166-2:MQ
 Mauritania MR MRT 478 ISO 3166-2:MR
 Mauritius MU MUS 480 ISO 3166-2:MU
 Mayotte YT MYT 175 ISO 3166-2:YT
 Mexico MX MEX 484 ISO 3166-2:MX
 Micronesia, Federated States of FM FSM 583 ISO 3166-2:FM
 Moldova, Republic of MD MDA 498 ISO 3166-2:MD
 Monaco MC MCO 492 ISO 3166-2:MC
 Mongolia MN MNG 496 ISO 3166-2:MN
 Montenegro ME MNE 499 ISO 3166-2:ME
 Montserrat MS MSR 500 ISO 3166-2:MS
 Morocco MA MAR 504 ISO 3166-2:MA
 Mozambique MZ MOZ 508 ISO 3166-2:MZ
 Myanmar MM MMR 104 ISO 3166-2:MM
 Namibia NA NAM 516 ISO 3166-2:NA
 Nauru NR NRU 520 ISO 3166-2:NR
 Nepal NP NPL 524 ISO 3166-2:NP
 Netherlands NL NLD 528 ISO 3166-2:NL
 Netherlands Antilles AN ANT 530 ISO 3166-2:AN
 New Caledonia NC NCL 540 ISO 3166-2:NC
 New Zealand NZ NZL 554 ISO 3166-2:NZ
 Nicaragua NI NIC 558 ISO 3166-2:NI
 Niger NE NER 562 ISO 3166-2:NE
 Nigeria NG NGA 566 ISO 3166-2:NG
 Niue NU NIU 570 ISO 3166-2:NU
 Norfolk Island NF NFK 574 ISO 3166-2:NF
 Northern Mariana Islands MP MNP 580 ISO 3166-2:MP
 Norway NO NOR 578 ISO 3166-2:NO
 Oman OM OMN 512 ISO 3166-2:OM
 Pakistan PK PAK 586 ISO 3166-2:PK
 Palau PW PLW 585 ISO 3166-2:PW
 Palestinian Territory, Occupied PS PSE 275 ISO 3166-2:PS
 Panama PA PAN 591 ISO 3166-2:PA
 Papua New Guinea PG PNG 598 ISO 3166-2:PG
 Paraguay PY PRY 600 ISO 3166-2:PY
 Peru PE PER 604 ISO 3166-2:PE
 Philippines PH PHL 608 ISO 3166-2:PH
 Pitcairn PN PCN 612 ISO 3166-2:PN
 Poland PL POL 616 ISO 3166-2:PL
 Portugal PT PRT 620 ISO 3166-2:PT
 Puerto Rico PR PRI 630 ISO 3166-2:PR
 Qatar QA QAT 634 ISO 3166-2:QA
 Réunion RE REU 638 ISO 3166-2:RE
 Romania RO ROU 642 ISO 3166-2:RO
 Russian Federation RU RUS 643 ISO 3166-2:RU
 Rwanda RW RWA 646 ISO 3166-2:RW
 Saint Barthélemy BL BLM 652 ISO 3166-2:BL
 Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha SH SHN 654 ISO 3166-2:SH
 Saint Kitts and Nevis KN KNA 659 ISO 3166-2:KN
 Saint Lucia LC LCA 662 ISO 3166-2:LC
 Saint Martin (French part) MF MAF 663 ISO 3166-2:MF
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon PM SPM 666 ISO 3166-2:PM
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines VC VCT 670 ISO 3166-2:VC
 Samoa WS WSM 882 ISO 3166-2:WS
 San Marino SM SMR 674 ISO 3166-2:SM
 Sao Tome and Principe ST STP 678 ISO 3166-2:ST
 Saudi Arabia SA SAU 682 ISO 3166-2:SA
 Senegal SN SEN 686 ISO 3166-2:SN
 Serbia RS SRB 688 ISO 3166-2:RS
 Seychelles SC SYC 690 ISO 3166-2:SC
 Sierra Leone SL SLE 694 ISO 3166-2:SL
 Singapore SG SGP 702 ISO 3166-2:SG
 Slovakia SK SVK 703 ISO 3166-2:SK
 Slovenia SI SVN 705 ISO 3166-2:SI
 Solomon Islands SB SLB 090 ISO 3166-2:SB
 Somalia SO SOM 706 ISO 3166-2:SO
 South Africa ZA ZAF 710 ISO 3166-2:ZA
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands GS SGS 239 ISO 3166-2:GS
 Spain ES ESP 724 ISO 3166-2:ES
 Sri Lanka LK LKA 144 ISO 3166-2:LK
 Sudan SD SDN 736 ISO 3166-2:SD
 Suriname SR SUR 740 ISO 3166-2:SR
 Svalbard and Jan Mayen SJ SJM 744 ISO 3166-2:SJ
 Swaziland SZ SWZ 748 ISO 3166-2:SZ
 Sweden SE SWE 752 ISO 3166-2:SE
 Switzerland CH CHE 756 ISO 3166-2:CH
 Syrian Arab Republic SY SYR 760 ISO 3166-2:SY
 Taiwan, Province of China TW TWN 158 ISO 3166-2:TW
 Tajikistan TJ TJK 762 ISO 3166-2:TJ
 Tanzania, United Republic of TZ TZA 834 ISO 3166-2:TZ
 Thailand TH THA 764 ISO 3166-2:TH
 Timor-Leste TL TLS 626 ISO 3166-2:TL
 Togo TG TGO 768 ISO 3166-2:TG
 Tokelau TK TKL 772 ISO 3166-2:TK
 Tonga TO TON 776 ISO 3166-2:TO
 Trinidad and Tobago TT TTO 780 ISO 3166-2:TT
 Tunisia TN TUN 788 ISO 3166-2:TN
 Turkey TR TUR 792 ISO 3166-2:TR
 Turkmenistan TM TKM 795 ISO 3166-2:TM
 Turks and Caicos Islands TC TCA 796 ISO 3166-2:TC
 Tuvalu TV TUV 798 ISO 3166-2:TV
 Uganda UG UGA 800 ISO 3166-2:UG
 Ukraine UA UKR 804 ISO 3166-2:UA
 United Arab Emirates AE ARE 784 ISO 3166-2:AE
 United Kingdom GB GBR 826 ISO 3166-2:GB
 United States US USA 840 ISO 3166-2:US
 United States Minor Outlying Islands UM UMI 581 ISO 3166-2:UM
 Uruguay UY URY 858 ISO 3166-2:UY
 Uzbekistan UZ UZB 860 ISO 3166-2:UZ
 Vanuatu VU VUT 548 ISO 3166-2:VU
 Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of VE VEN 862 ISO 3166-2:VE
 Viet Nam VN VNM 704 ISO 3166-2:VN
 Virgin Islands, British VG VGB 092 ISO 3166-2:VG
 Virgin Islands, U.S. VI VIR 850 ISO 3166-2:VI
 Wallis and Futuna WF WLF 876 ISO 3166-2:WF
 Western Sahara EH ESH 732 ISO 3166-2:EH
 Yemen YE YEM 887 ISO 3166-2:YE
 Zambia ZM ZMB 894 ISO 3166-2:ZM
 Zimbabwe ZW ZWE 716 ISO 3166-2:ZW

Reserved and user-assigned code elements

Besides the officially assigned codes, code elements may be expanded by using either reserved codes or user-assigned codes.[11]

Reserved code elements are codes which have become obsolete, or are required in order to enable a particular user application of the standard but do not qualify for inclusion in ISO 3166-1. To avoid transitional application problems and to aid users who require specific additional code elements for the functioning of their coding systems, the ISO 3166/MA, when justified, reserves these codes which it undertakes not to use for other than specified purposes during a limited or indeterminate period of time. Codes are usually reserved for former countries, overseas territories, international organizations, and special nationality status. The reserved alpha-2 and alpha-3 codes can be divided into the following four categories (click on the links for the reserved codes of each category):

User-assigned code elements are codes at the disposal of users who need to add further names of countries, territories, or other geographical entities to their in-house application of ISO 3166-1, and the ISO 3166/MA will never use these codes in the updating process of the standard. The following codes can be user-assigned:

Changes

The ISO 3166/MA updates ISO 3166-1 when necessary, by announcing changes in newsletters which update the currently valid standard, and releasing new editions which comprise a consolidation of newsletter changes.[12] A country is usually assigned new ISO 3166-1 codes if it changes its name or its territorial boundaries. In general, new alphabetic codes are assigned if a country changes a significant part of its name, while a new numeric code is assigned if a country changes its territorial boundaries. Codes for formerly used country names that were deleted from ISO 3166-1 are published in ISO 3166-3.

Edition /
Newsletter		 Publication date Contents
ISO 3166:1974 1974 First edition of ISO 3166
ISO 3166:1981 1981 Second edition of ISO 3166
ISO 3166:1988 1988 Third edition of ISO 3166
ISO 3166:1993 1993 Fourth edition of ISO 3166
ISO 3166-1:1997 1997-09-25 First edition of ISO 3166-1 (ISO 3166 expanded into three parts)
Newsletter V-1 1998-02-05 Change of official name (Samoa)
Newsletter V-2 1999-10-01 Inclusion of new country name and code elements (Palestinian Territory, Occupied)
Newsletter V-3 2002-02-01 Change of alpha-3 Code Element (Romania)
Newsletter V-4 2002-05-20 Name changes (Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Fiji, Hong Kong, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Macao, Niue, Somalia, and Venezuela)
Newsletter V-5 2002-05-20 Change of names and alphabetical code elements of East Timor
Newsletter V-6 2002-11-15 Change of names of East Timor
Newsletter V-7 2003-01-14 Change of official name of Comoros
Newsletter V-8 2003-07-23 Deletion of "Yugoslavia"; inclusion of "Serbia and Montenegro" with new alphabetical code elements
Newsletter V-9 2004-02-13 Inclusion of an entry for Åland Islands
Newsletter V-10 2004-04-26 Name changes (Afghanistan and Åland Islands)
Newsletter V-11 2006-03-29 Inclusion of an entry for Jersey, Guernsey and Isle of Man. Change of remark for the United Kingdom
Newsletter V-12 2006-09-26 Inclusion of the new entries for "Serbia" and "Montenegro" (replacing Serbia and Montenegro)
ISO 3166-1:2006 2006-11-20 Second edition of ISO 3166-1
ISO 3166-1:2006/
Cor 1:2007		 2007-07-15 First Technical Corrigendum to ISO 3166-1:2006
Newsletter VI-1 2007-09-21 Assignment of code elements for Saint Barthélemy and Saint Martin and update of France and other French Territories (French Polynesia, French Southern Territories, Guadeloupe, and Réunion)
Newsletter VI-2 2008-03-31 Name changes for Moldova, Montenegro and other minor corrections (Madagascar, Palestinian Territory, Occupied, and Saint Barthélemy)
Newsletter VI-3 2008-09-09 Name change for Nepal and other minor corrections (Greenland, Guernsey, Moldova, and Nigeria)
Newsletter VI-4 2009-01-07 Name change for the Republic of Moldova and other minor corrections (Central African Republic and Comoros)
Newsletter VI-5 2009-03-03 Name change for Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and other minor corrections (Kiribati and Tuvalu)
Newsletter VI-6 2009-05-08 Name change for Plurinational State of Bolivia
Newsletter VI-7 2010-02-22 Name change for Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha

See also

References

  1. ↑ "ISO 3166 – FAQs – General questions". International Organization for Standardization (ISO). http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/iso_3166-faqs/iso_3166_faqs_general.htm. 
  2. ↑ "Development of ISO 3166". ISO. http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/background_on_iso_3166/development_of_iso_3166.htm. 
  3. ↑ "Implementation of ISO 3166-1". ISO. http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/background_on_iso_3166/implementation_of_iso_3166-1.htm. 
  4. ↑ "You and ISO 3166". ISO. http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/background_on_iso_3166/you_and_iso_3166.htm. 
  5. ↑ "Links". ISO. http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/links_iso_3166.htm. 
  6. ↑ "ISO 3166-1 and ccTLDs". ISO. http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/background_on_iso_3166/iso_3166-1_and_cctlds.htm. 
  7. ↑ "ISO 3166 and the UN". ISO. http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/background_on_iso_3166/iso_3166_and_the_un.htm. 
  8. ↑ "ISO 3166 – FAQs – Specific". ISO. http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/iso_3166-faqs/iso_3166_faqs_specific.htm. 
  9. ↑ "Taiwan sues ISO over incorrect reference". Taipei Representative Office in the UK. http://www.roc-taiwan.org/UK/ct.asp?xItem=41952&ctNode=932&mp=132&nowPage=6&pagesize=15. 
  10. ↑ "English country names and code elements". ISO. http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/iso_3166_code_lists/english_country_names_and_code_elements.htm. 
  11. ↑ "Customizing ISO 3166-1". ISO. http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/background_on_iso_3166/customizing_iso_3166-1.htm. 
  12. ↑ "Updates on ISO 3166". ISO. http://www.iso.org/iso/country_codes/updates_on_iso_3166.htm. 

Sources and external links

ISO 3166 — Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions
ISO 3166-1
Part 1: Country codes
Codes: alpha-2 · alpha-3 · numeric
ISO 3166-2
Part 2: Country subdivision code
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ISO 3166-3
Part 3: Code for formerly used names of countries
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Demographics and
geographical rankings
Population (density · graphical · growth · history · urban) · Birth rate · Death rate · Area
Places
Cemeteries · Cities · Islands · National capitals (Former national capitals) · National parks · Schools · Universities and colleges · World Heritage Sites
Other data by country
Abortion law · Association football (soccer) · Battles · Capital punishment · Cardinals · Common surnames · Cuisines · Currencies · Education · Emergency contraception · Euthanasia and the law · Forex rates · Human rights · Legality of cannabis · LGBT rights · Muslim populations · Music genres · Newspapers · Novelists · Official languages · People · Polygamy · Railway companies · School leaving age · Tram and light-rail transit systems · Total Area
Other lists
Oldest/ Tallest person · Tallest buildings and structures
Lists of countries · Lists by country · List of international rankings